Recommended seed treatments include Revus, Reason and mancozeb. Use a seed piece fungicide treatment labeled for control of late blight (current list of fungicides can be found in the North Dakota Field Crop Plant Disease Management Guide, PP622).Do not mix seed lots because cutting can transmit late blight.Destroy all cull and volunteer potatoes.Here are methods to help control the disease: Late blight is a community disease, and effective management requires community management. Cutting just below the skin reveals a dark, reddish-brown, dry, corky rot.Įffective control of this disease requires implementation of an integrated disease management approach. Tuber infections are characterized by patches of brown to purple discoloration on the potato skin. Spores germinate and swim to tubers in free water and infect primarily the eyes. Tubers are infected by spores washed from lesions to the soil. A disease cycle can occur every five to seven days, resulting in rapid spread and movement of late blight. The spores are carried by wind and rain to healthy plants, where the disease cycle begins again. The lesions expand to water-soaked, gray-green areas on the leaf and sporulate if conditions are favorable. Lesions on leaves and stems become visible as small flecks within a few days after infection. Spores develop in three to five days and require 12 hours of free moisture for infection to occur. Free water from rain, dew and overhead irrigation sprinkler irrigation all provide the water necessary for pathogen infection and development. Night temperatures of 50 to 60 F and day temperatures of 60 to 70 F are most favorable for disease development. The late blight pathogen is favored by free moisture and cool to moderate temperatures. The pathogen can be transmitted from infected seed tubers to newly emerging potato plants, where it produces airborne spores that can move to neighboring plants. That includes potatoes in storage, infected tubers missed during harvest that remain unfrozen during the winter (volunteers), seed tubers and infected cull piles, and P. Infected potato tubers are the primary source of inoculum for P. Although soil survival is not known to occur definitively in the U.S., anecdotal evidence indicates that sexual combination has occurred, suggesting soil survival is possible. However, in some areas of the world where both mating types of the pathogen are present, a sexual spore that is capable of soil survival is produced. The pathogen needs living plant or tuber tissue to survive in the field in the absence of oospores. infestans, the cause of late blight, is a heterothallic fungal-like pathogen, meaning two mating types are required for sexual reproduction and are referred to as A1 and A2. The PINF primer will provide a valuable tool for detection of P. infestans from infected tomato and potato field samples. The PINF primer was used with a rapid NaOH lysis technique for direct PCR of P. cactorum were differentiated by restriction digests of the amplified product. cactorum are not pathogens of potato however, P. infestans from potato and tomato, as well as isolates of P. PCR amplification with primers PINF and ITS5 results in amplification of an approximately 600 base pair product with only isolates of P. Over 140 isolates representing 14 species of Phytophthora and at least 13 other genera of fungi and bacteria were used to screen the PINF primer. infestans was used to construct a PCR primer (PINF). Sequences were aligned with published sequences from 5 other Phytophthora species, and a region specific to P. PCR products were sequenced using an automated sequencer. infestans representing the four genotypes US1, US6, US7, and US8 was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the universal primers internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 4 and ITS5. Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) from four isolates of P. infestans is necessary for determination of late blight in infected fruit, leaves, and tubers. A rapid and accurate method for specific detection of P. Late blight caused by the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans is a devastating disease of potato and tomato worldwide.
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